References - PHII

Module 1	Introduction	Unit 1 IIS Sustainability Toolkit Introduction
Module 2	Getting Started	Unit 1 How to Use this Toolkit
Module 3	Defining IIS Sustainability	Unit 1 What is IIS Sustainability and Why Does it Matter?
Module 4	Strategy 1: Diversifying Funding	Unit 1 Diversifying Funding Introduction	Unit 2 Approach A. Leveraging Medicaid Match	Unit 3 Approach B. Billing for IIS Data
Module 5	Strategy 2: Optimizing IIS Efficiency	Unit 1 Optimizing IIS Efficiency Introduction	Unit 2 Approach A. Increasing the Use of Shared Services	Unit 3 Approach B: Leveraging Shared Infrastructure	Unit 4 Approach C: Using Open Source Software	Unit 5 Approach D. Implementing Process Automation	Unit 6 Approach E: Modernizing IIS
Module 6	Success Stories from the Field	Unit 1 Success Stories Introduction	Unit 2 Using Medicaid Match to Diversify IIS Funding	Unit 3 Diversifying IIS Funding Through Health Plan Billing	Unit 4 Slowing the Curve to Manage Rising IIS Costs
Module 7	Additional Considerations	Unit 1 Additional Considerations
Module 8	Additional Resources Related to Sustainability	Unit 1 Additional Resources
Module 9	References	Unit 1 References
Module 10	Abbreviations and Acronyms	Unit 1 Abbreviations and Acronyms

References

American Immunization Registry Association (AIRA). The value of IIS. Available at: https://repository.immregistries.org/files/resources/5caf7b197bf77/value_of_iis_infographic.pdf
Scharf LG, Coyle R, Adeniyi K, et al. Current challenges and future possibilities for immunization information systems. 2021. Academic Pediatrics, 21, S57-S64. Available at: https://www.academicpedsjnl.net/article/S1876-2859%2820%2930584-2/fulltext
Groom H, Hopkins DP, Pabst LJ, et al. Immunization information systems to increase vaccination rates: a community guide systematic review. 2015. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 21(3):p 227-248. Available at: https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/fulltext/2015/05000/immunization_information_systems_to_increase.2.aspx
O’Hara A. Model data use agreements: a practical guide. In: Cole, Dhaliwal, Sautmann, and Vilhuber (eds), Handbook on using administrative data for research and evidence-based policy. 2020. Available at: https://admindatahandbook.mit.edu/book/v1.0-rc4/dua.html
National Governors Association. Modernizing immunization information systems: priorities and considerations for governors. 2021. Available at: https://healthpolicy.duke.edu/sites/default/files/2021-09/Modernizing%20Immunization%20Information%20Systems.pdf
Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS). The imperative of immunization interoperability and information sharing. 2021. Available at: https://www.himss.org/resources/imperative-immunization-interoperability-and-information-sharing
CDC. Public health data strategy: public health data goals and 2-year milestones. 2023. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/public-health-data-strategy/php/about/phds-milestones.html
Metroka AE, Papadouka V, Ternier A, et al. Effects of Health Level 7 messaging on data quality in New York City’s immunization information system, 2014. Public Health Reports 2016 (131). Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4937120/
Oleribe OO, Uzoaru F, Tarfa A, et al. Transforming public health practice with artificial intelligence: A framework-driven approach. 2026. Healthcare14 (385). Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/14/3/385
Martin DW, Lowery NE, Brand B, et al. Immunization information systems: a decade of progress in law and policy. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 21 (3). 2015. Available at: https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/fulltext/2015/05000/immunization_information_systems__a_decade_of.10.aspx
American Immunization Registry Association (AIRA). IIS policies to support pandemic and routine vaccination. Available at: https://repository.immregistries.org/files/resources/5ee9315f0930e/iis_policies_to_support_pandemic_and_routine_vax_6_18_20.pdf
Benjamin-Chung J, Reingold A. Measuring success of the US COVID-19 vaccine campaign–it’s time to invest in and strengthen immunization information systems. American Journal of Public Health. 2021 11(6). Available at: https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/epdf/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306177